Power Distribution is the last part of the delivery of electrical energy to consumers. It is normally done in low voltage, for example 400V/230V denoting 3phase/1phase. In some cases this can be, medium voltages like 11kV/ 33kV.
This can be done by conductors, either drawn Over Head (O/H conductors) or buried underground (Insulated cables). Each have their own advantages and drawbacks. for e.g.: In densely populated areas - underground cables are preferred. At the same time, cables are costly than O/H conductors. In addition, faultfinding is a cumbersome process in underground cables. On the other hand, O/H cables are mostly vulnerable to lightning surges, bad weather conditions etc.
Here we will mostly consider about O/H power distribution and its main components:
It mainly consists of Line supports (poles), O/H conductors, Insulators, Earth wire, small distribution transformers etc.
Insulators:
Used to protect the phase conductors reaching the grounded terminals, and as supporting elements. those are classified as:
- strain Insulator
- Pin Insulator
- Post Insulator
- Suspension Insulator
- Shackle Insulator
- Steel poles Insulator
- Wooden poles Insulator
- Reinforced concrete (RC) poles Insulator
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- over head Conductors
- All aluminum alloy conductors
- Aluminum conductor, Steel reinforced
- Aerial bundled cables
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